Teaching Notes
Teaching notes: The Three year Ministry of Jesus
1. Ministry Of Jesus - the four gospels. Jesus' Birth was in Bethlehem which is just south of Jerusalem.
He spent most of his life in a town called Nazareth in the north part of Israel near the Sea of Galilee.
Like all Jewish men he learned a trade in His case carpentry from his step-father Joseph.
Would have gone to the local synagogue the local place of Religious learning.
Would have visited Jerusalem up to three times a year.
Visited family and friends including those from his step-fathers side in Bethlehem.
Jesus started three and half years of ministry with His Baptism near Jerusalem and then made his first trip north.
PERIOD OF OBSCURITY -Judean Ministry. First trip: Jerusalem- Galilee-Jerusalem about two months.
Second trip: Jerusalem- Galilee-Jerusalem about twelve months.
PERIOD OF POPULARITY - Galilean ministry.
Jerusalem- Galilee-Jerusalem about 19 months.
PERIOD OF OPPOSITION:
Jerusalem and around the greater Jerusalem area for about three to four month and His death.
PERIOD OF TRIUMPH:
Resurrection
His Ascension.
Pentecost experience on the day of Pentecost also called Shavuot or Feast of weeks.
2. John the Baptist - John the Baptist Prepares the Way - Luke 3:1-20
Son of Zechariah and Elizabeth and Cousin of Jesus.
John was God's forerunner to Jesus.
John's Hebrew name means God is.
3. Sandal - Luke 3:15-18
John the Baptist said he was not worthy to be the second to lowest
slave.
It was the habit that the second to lowest slave removed the sandal
and the lowest slave washed the feet.
Jesus would in the week of his death choose, as their teacher, to do
both himself. Why?
The bottom slave washed the feet a very smelly and unpleasant task.
4. Satan - The Temptation of Jesus - Luke 4:1-13
Satan tempts Jesus for 40 days in the wilderness. Which was south of Jerusalem.
5. Andrew - Jesus' First Disciples Andrew, Simon Peter's brother and Simon - John 1:35-51
Andrew was the first disciple Jesus called.
Jesus called Andrew shortly after he was baptized by John the Baptist
near Jerusalem.
Jesus also ended up with Simon Peter.
Who is Andrew's brother.
An unnamed disciple may be John the writer of this Gospel.
Also Philip and Nathanael.
Then they all headed back to Galilee.
Some time after their arrival Jesus went to a wedding at Cana.
6. Water Jar - Jesus Changes Water to Wine - John 2:1-11
This was Jesus' first miracle when he turned water into wine. The Master of Ceremony commented to his host "you have kept the best wine to the last".
This happened in a small town of Cana in Galilee.
7. Nicodemus - Jesus Teaches Nicodemus - John 3:1-21
Nicodemus goes under the cover of night to visit Jesus.
Jesus says to him "you must be born again from above" e.g. spirit. And also by natural father and mother.
Jesus is now back in Jerusalem for the Jewish Passover Feast early Spring e.g. March-April.
8. Woman at the Well - Jesus Talks With a Samaritan Woman - John 4:1-42
Jesus talks to a woman in the middle of the day .
This happened in town of Sychar.
Hebrew name of Sychar could mean shoulder.
Jesus and His disciples were again heading back to Galilee.
Via Samaria not the normal way for a Jew to travel to Galilee.
They all traveled the longer way by going up the Jordan River on the
other side.
9. Jesus calls for disciples a second time - Luke 5:1-11
The first time Jesus calls for disciples He was near the river Jordan. The Second time Jesus calls disciples He was at the Sea of Galilee.
Some disciples were in both groups e.g. Peter, Andrew.
This time Peter and his brother Andrew were working by casting a net into the lake. Fishing.
At this time he called James and John who were brothers. This was the second set of brothers called.
See also Matthew 4:18-22, Mark 1:14-2010. A sick man on a sleeping mat - Jesus Heals a Paralytic - Luke 5:17-26
Jesus heals a man brought on his sleeping mat by four friends.
Houses were constructed mainly of clay and stone. Were mainly flat roofed with a stairway at the side of the house. The four friends climbed the stairs and removed the roof tiles. They lowered the man on a mat right in front of Jesus.
Jesus healed him and the man went home praising God.
Jesus did this on his return to Capernaum.
see also Matthew 9:1-8, Mark 2:1-1211. The Healing of two Blind Men in a house - Matthew 9:27-31
The healing of these two blind men may have taken place in Matthew's own house.
Matthew had just been called as a disciple.
He was based in Galilee as a tax collector for the Romans.
Calling of Matthew also called Levi Matthew 9:9-9 Mark 2:13-14, Luke 5:27-29
Matthew's nationality was that of a Jew probably from the tribe of Levi.
12. Jesus Choses His Twelve Apostles - Luke 6:13-16
- After Jesus had spent a night in prayer he chose out of his followers
those he wanted to especially train.
- Simon (whom he named Peter),
- His brother Andrew,
- James and his brother,
- John,
- Philip,
- Bartholomew sometimes called Nathanael,
- Matthew some times called Levi,
- Thomas also called Didymus,
- James son of Alphaeus,
- Simon who was called the Zealot,
- Judas son of James,
- And Judas Iscariot, who became a traitor.
The twelve he chose were:
13. Sermon on the Mount - some time called The Beatitudes - Matthew 5:1-7:29
After taking the crowd up a mountain side.
Jesus sits down then starts teaching them how to live their lives
according to God's word.
The mountain was in the Galilee area.
Jesus must have taught the same material over and over again
See Luke 6:17-49 Jesus teaches in a plain.
14. The Faith of the Roman Centurion - Luke 7:1-10
The Romans were seen as a foreign occupying force.
The headquarters for Roman army was at Caesarea, a sea port.
This Roman Centurion was stationed at Capernaum a town on the edge of the Sea of Galilee. He had built for the local Jews a place of worship.
A centurion was in charge of 100 soldiers.
See also Matthew 8:5-1315. Woman anoints Jesus - Jesus anointed by a sinful Woman - Luke 7:36-50
Jesus early in his ministry had gone to have an evening meal with a Religious leader called Simon.
A woman who had lived a life that had not pleased God came to say sorry.
She showed her remorse by anointing Jesus with her own burial perfume. With her tears washed Jesus feet and with her hair wiped Jesus feet dry.
Simon had not done the customary thing in washing his guest's feet.
The jars were sealed and had to be broken for the contents to be used.So it was use the jar once and throw away.
The perfume was usually used on the wearer at their death.
Read the other times Jesus was anointed with perfume Matthew 26:6-13, Mark 14:3, Luke 7:36 John 12:1-11
16. The parable of the sower - Farmer sows seeds - Luke 8:4-15
Jesus used a parable of a farmer sowing his fields to illustrate a point. The word of God and how people react to it.
The 10th Parable in Luke.
In Luke 8:11-15 he gives the explanation of this parable.
This parable was told while he was in Galilee. Jesus seems to have told the same parable more than once.
also see Matthew 13:3-9 and Mark 4:1-2017. Lamp - A Lamp on a stand - Luke 8:16-18
In the eleventh parable in Luke Jesus uses a lamp.
16 "No one lights a lamp and hides it in a jar or puts it under a bed. Instead, he puts it on a stand, so that those who come in can see the light.
17For there is nothing hidden that will not be disclosed, and nothing concealed that will not be known or brought out into the open. 18 Therefore consider carefully how you listen. Whoever has will be given more; whoever does not have, even what he thinks he has will be taken from him."
18. Jesus Calms the Storm - on the Sea of Galilee - Luke 8:22-25
The Sea of Galilee has fierce storms and high winds which come without warning.
It was one of these storms that came while Jesus was sleeping in the boat.
The wind was so strong that the fishermen disciples were totally terrified.
Jesus spoke; "Quiet! Be still", and the wind obeyed Him.
also read Matthew 8:18-27 Mark 4:35-41
19. Jesus Sends Out the Twelve - Jesus Sends Out the Twelve - Luke 9:1-6
Jesus sent his disciples out for practical training.
Reed - Matthew 10:1-42 , Mark 6:7-1320. John the Baptist - John the Baptist beheaded by Herod the Tetarch - Matthew 14:1-13
John was God's forerunner for Jesus telling people to get ready for their Messiah.
John the Baptist was Jesus' cousin.
When John heard the voice of Mary the mother of Jesus he jumped in his
mother Elizabeth's womb.
Herod the Tetrarch was Herod Antipas ruler of Galilee and Perea 4BC-39AD and he had John beheaded to keep a promise to the daughter of Herodias.
see also Mark 6:14-29, Luke 9:7-9
21. Jesus feeds five thousand - Jesus feeds five thousand, Luke 9:10-17
Jesus feeds 5000 men plus women and children possibly on the way to a Passover Feast in Jerusalem.
This was the second to last Passover Feast before his Crucifixion at the next Passover.
also see Matthew 14:13-21 , Mark 6:36-44 and John 6:1-15
| After the feeding of the five thousand Jesus makes the disciples get into the boat and go to Bethsaida. Jesus stayed behind. He then later came to them walking on the water. Peter asked if he could come to Him. Jesus said "yes." So Peter got out of the boat and also walked on the water. Then Peter sank when he realized what he was doing. |
| Jesus feeds 4000 men excudling women and children that were their. Jesus turns seven small bread rolls and some small fish into a meal that feeds 4000 men plus women and children. Afterward the disciples picked up seven basketfuls of broken pieces that were left over. Jesus left the scene by boat. also read Mark 8:1-10 |
| Again one of the number of times Jesus used a boat to get around the Sea or Lake of Galilee.
Other times included: |
| Jesus' healing of a Blind Man at Bethsaida by taking him outside the village. Jesus spat on his eyes and laid His hands on him twice. |
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Jesus asks His disciples "who do you think I am." Peter answers "You are the Christ or You are the Messiah." Jesus replies "you are Peter (Petros=stone)" "I [Jesus] am the bed rock (petra) and I [Jesus] will build My Church and the gates of Hades i.e. powers of death will not overcome it." Jesus holds the keys and control of Death and Hades and he lives for ever and ever. Keys denotes authority and power. Hades is the Greek word for hell. also see Mark 8:27-30 Luke 9:18-21, Revelation1:18, Isaiah 22:22 |
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Jesus goes to a mountain top with three of his disciples. And meets with His father and two men, Moses and Elijah. Peter wanted to build three Shelters or Tabernacles or Sacred tents. God replied to Peter's comments by saying "Listen to my Son". Now God does not dwell in tents but in His peoples' hearts. also see Matthew 17:1-8 and Mark 9:2-13 |
Jesus by saying "I Am" was telling the people that He was God. Jesus said "I am the light of the world". Jesus was saying follow me not others, See Me and believe on Me you see God. 12 When Jesus spoke again to the people, he said, "I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will never walk in darkness, but will have the light of life." |
| Jesus heals a man born blind. To teach his disciples a truth. Those against Jesus used this to cause trouble. |
| Jesus uses Jonah as a sign Jesus talks about Jonah the prophet as a sign to his Jewish hearers. Jonah in History 782-753BC Also read Matthew 12:38-41 |
| God is the Light Jesus came as the light of the world.
Jesus uses this parable (17th in Luke) to illustrate.
The lamp represents the light of God and his son Jesus. |
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Keys Luke 11:52 sixth woe or horror. |
| The Rich Fool Jesus in answer to a question replied with a parable.
The Parable of the Rich Fool. |
Jesus uses this parable (28th in Luke) to illustrate:
The lamp represents the light of God and his son Jesus.
see Candle, Lamp, Light |
Jesus tells another parable this time. |
| The Shepherd and His Flock As His sheep we need to know the true shepherd and respond to His voice. Jesus was back in Jerusalem. Jesus soon after this teaching goes beyond the Jordan somewhere near Jericho. |
| The Death of Lazarus Jesus raised His friend Lazarus from the dead. Lazarus had been dead for four days. Mary and Martha were Lazarus' sisters. Jesus had just come back from beyond the Jordan. After healing Lazarus he goes to Ephraim until Passover week. |
After healing Lazarus Jesus goes to the village of Ephraim until Passover week. Ephraim is on a conical hill overlooking the Jordan valley and the Dead Sea. |
| Anger Forgiveness: The Parable of the Unmerciful Servant
The first servant probably in to-day's money owed millions of dollars.
The second servant probably in to-day's money owed |
| Blind man There is a number of times in the Gospels Jesus opened blind eyes. This one was as Jesus approached Jericho to pass through it on His way to Jerusalem and his death by crucifixion. A sign of the Messiah was He would heal the blind, make the deaf and mute hear and speak, heal the sick and raise the dead. Blind healed: |
| Zacchaeus The Tax Collector Jesus said "Zacchaeus , come down immediately, I must stay at your house today." Jesus stays with Zacchaeus for a meal; noon or night meal we are not told. Then, Jesus leaves Jericho and walks towards Jerusalem and his death in 10 days time. Next "Bible Module" Easter - Palm Sunday to Pentecost. Further reading Matthew 21:1-11, Mark 11:1-11, John 12:13-1 |